What is Aluminum Alloy Material properties

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Author : Jessie
Update time : 2018-12-16 15:23:09
ABOUT THE ALUMINUM ALLOY MATERIAL PROPERTIES   
The aluminum alloy has low density, but high strength, close to or exceeds high-quality steel, good plasticity, can be processed into various profiles, has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. It is widely used in industry and is used second only to steel. . Some aluminum alloys can be heat treated to achieve good mechanical properties, physical properties, and corrosion resistance. Hard aluminum alloy belongs to the AI-Cu-Mg system, generally contains a small amount of Mn, which can be heat-treated and strengthened. It is characterized by high hardness but poor plasticity. Super-hard aluminum is a Cu-Mg-Zn system, which can be heat-treated and strengthened. It is the highest strength aluminum alloy at room temperature but has poor corrosion resistance and high temperature softening. The wrought aluminum alloy is mainly an Al-Zn-Mg-Si alloy. Although it has many kinds of elements, it has a small content, so it has excellent thermoplasticity and is suitable for forging, so it is also called a forged aluminum alloy.



Material structure
The density of pure aluminum is small (ρ=2.7g/cm3), about 1/3 of iron, low melting point (660°C), aluminum is face-centered cubic structure, so it has high plasticity (δ: 32~40%, ψ: 70~90%), easy to process, can be made into various profiles and plates, and has good corrosion resistance. However, the strength of pure aluminum is very low, and the annealing state σb value is about 8kgf/mm2, so it is not suitable as a structural material. Through long-term production practices and scientific experiments, people gradually strengthened aluminum by adding alloying elements and applying heat treatment, which resulted in a series of aluminum alloys. The alloy formed by adding certain elements can have higher strength while maintaining the advantages of pure aluminum, and the σb value can reach 24 to 60 kg/mm2, respectively. This makes its "specific strength" (the ratio of strength to specific gravity σb / ρ) outperforms many alloy sheets of steel and becomes an ideal structural material, widely used in machinery manufacturing, transportation machinery, power machinery and aviation industry, aircraft fuselage, skins, compressors, etc. are often made of aluminum alloy to reduce their own weight. The use of aluminum alloy instead of steel plate welding can reduce the structural weight by more than 50%.

 
Typical Mechanical Properties
Aluminum alloy grade Tensile Strength(25°C MPa) Yield Strength(25°C MPa) hardness500kg force10mm ball Elongation 1.6mm(1/16in) thickness
5052-H112 175 195 60 12
5083-H112 180 211 65 14
6061-T651 310 276 95 12
7050-T7451 510 455 135 10
7075-T651 572 503 150 11
2024-T351 470 325 120 20
Typical Physical Properties
Aluminum alloy grade
and status
Thermal expansion
coefficient
(20-100℃)
μm/m·k
Melting point range
(℃)
Conductivity20℃(68℉)
(%IACS)
Resistivity20℃(68℉)
Ωmm2/m
density(20℃)(g/cm3)
2024-T351 23.2 500-635 30 0.058 2.82
5052-H112 23.8 607-650 35 0.050 2.72
5083-H112 23.4 570-640 29 0.059 2.72
6061-T651 23.6 580-650 43 0.040 2.73
7050-T7451 23.5 490-630 41 0.0415 2.82
7075-T651 23.6 475-635 33 0.0515 2.82
 
 


Chemical Composition Limit Of Aluminum 
alloy
Brand
silicon )Si Iron Fe copper ) Cu manganese )Mn magnesium )Mg chromium)Cr Zinc)Z titanium)Ti  Other Aluminum 
Each Total Minimum value
2024 0.232 0.5 3.8-4.9 0.3-0.9 1.2-1.8 0.1 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.15 margin
5052 0.25 0.4 0.1 0.1 2.2-2.8 0.15-0.35 0.1 -- 0.05 0.15 margin
5083 0.238 0.4 0.1 0.3-1.0 4.0-4.9 0.05-0.25 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.15 margin
6061 0.236 0.7 0.15-0.4 0.15 0.8-1.2 0.04-0.35 0.25 0.15 0.05 0.15 margin
7050 0.235 0.15 2.0-2.6 0.1 1.9-2.6 0.04 5.7-6.7 0.06 0.05 0.15 margin
7075 0.236 0.5 1.2-2.0 0.3 2.1-2.9 0.18-0.28 5.1-6.1 0.2 0.05 0.15 margin
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